{"id":12834,"date":"2026-10-23T20:37:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T20:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/2026\/10\/23\/sienisubstraatti\/"},"modified":"2026-11-12T09:51:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T09:51:15","slug":"sienisubstraatti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/2026\/10\/23\/sienisubstraatti\/","title":{"rendered":"Sienisubstraatti: tyypit, reseptit ja valmistus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Sienisubstraatti<\/strong> on materiaali, jota rihmasto sy\u00f6 ja jonka l\u00e4pi se kasvaa ennen kuin se tuottaa sieni\u00e4. Ajattele sit\u00e4 kasvatuksesi maaper\u00e4n\u00e4. Oikea sienisubstraatti antaa rihmastolle ravintoa, vett\u00e4 ja ilmaa. V\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 substraatti johtaa hitaaseen kasvuun, pieniin satoihin tai homeeseen. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 oppaassa opit, mink\u00e4 substraatin valitset ja miten valmistat sen.<\/p>\n<h2>Mik\u00e4 on sienisubstraatti?<\/h2>\n<p>Lyhyesti sanottuna sienisubstraatti on mik\u00e4 tahansa irtomateriaali, jonka rihmasto voi kolonisoida. Kasvattajat kasvattavat rihmaston ensin jyvill\u00e4. T\u00e4t\u00e4 kutsutaan jyv\u00e4siemenrihmastoksi. Sitten he sekoittavat sen suurempaan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n substraattia. Substraatti pit\u00e4\u00e4 kosteutta ja antaa rihmastolle tilaa levit\u00e4. Kun se on t\u00e4ysin kolonisoitunut, sienet alkavat muodostua pinnalle.<\/p>\n<h2>Yleisimm\u00e4t sienisubstraatti-tyypit<\/h2>\n<p>Eri lajit pit\u00e4v\u00e4t eri ravinnosta. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 yleisimm\u00e4t vaihtoehdot:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kookoskuitu ja vermikuliitti:<\/strong> klassinen seos cubensikselle. Se pit\u00e4\u00e4 vett\u00e4 hyvin ja kontaminoituu harvoin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Olki:<\/strong> halpa ja erinomainen osterivinokkaalle. Se riitt\u00e4\u00e4 past\u00f6roida.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lehtipuun sahanpuru:<\/strong> paras puulla viihtyville lajeille, kuten shiitakelle ja p\u00f6rr\u00f6vinokkaalle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Masters mix:<\/strong> puoliksi lehtipuun sahanpurua ja puoliksi soijankuoria. Se antaa eritt\u00e4in suuria satoja, mutta se on steriloitava.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lanta:<\/strong> ravinteikas ja cubensiksen suosima, mutta siin\u00e4 on enemm\u00e4n bakteereja.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Sienisubstraatti kookoksesta ja vermikuliitista \u2013 resepti<\/h2>\n<p>Kookoskuitu, vermikuliitti ja kipsi (usein CVG) on helpoin sienisubstraatti aloittelijalle. Yhteen er\u00e4\u00e4n tarvitset:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yhden 650 g:n kookoskuitutiilen<\/li>\n<li>Noin 2 litraa vermikuliittia<\/li>\n<li>100\u2013200 g kipsi\u00e4<\/li>\n<li>Noin 4\u20135 litraa kiehuvaa vett\u00e4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Laita kookostiili ensin puhtaaseen \u00e4mp\u00e4riin. Kaada sitten kiehuva vesi sen p\u00e4\u00e4lle ja odota, kunnes tiili hajoaa. Sekoita sen j\u00e4lkeen joukkoon vermikuliitti ja kipsi. Sulje kansi ja anna j\u00e4\u00e4hty\u00e4 y\u00f6n yli. T\u00e4m\u00e4 yksinkertainen vaihe my\u00f6s past\u00f6roi seoksen. Haluatko tiet\u00e4\u00e4, miksi kipsi on t\u00e4rke\u00e4? Lue oppaamme <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/2025\/04\/12\/kipsi-sienille\/\">kipsi sienille<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Oikea kosteus: kentt\u00e4kapasiteetti<\/h2>\n<p>Vesipitoisuus on mink\u00e4 tahansa substraatin yleisin ongelma. Tavoite on kentt\u00e4kapasiteetti. Se tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 substraatti pit\u00e4\u00e4 niin paljon vett\u00e4 kuin pystyy tippumatta. Testaa puristamalla kourallinen niin lujaa kuin pystyt. Muutaman pisaran pit\u00e4isi tulla ulos, mutta ei tasaista noroa. Jos se on liian kuivaa, lis\u00e4\u00e4 v\u00e4h\u00e4n vett\u00e4. Jos se on liian m\u00e4rk\u00e4\u00e4, lis\u00e4\u00e4 v\u00e4h\u00e4n kuivaa kookosta tai vermikuliittia.<\/p>\n<h2>Sienisubstraatti: past\u00f6rointi vai sterilointi?<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00e4h\u00e4ravinteiset substraatit, kuten kookoskuitu ja olki, tarvitsevat vain past\u00f6roinnin. Past\u00f6rointi tappaa useimmat kilpailijat mutta j\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 osan hy\u00f6dyllisist\u00e4 mikrobeista eloon. Voit tehd\u00e4 sen kiehuvalla vedell\u00e4 tai l\u00e4mmitt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 substraattia noin 65\u201380 \u00b0C:ssa tunnin tai kaksi.<\/p>\n<p>Ravinteikkaat substraatit, kuten masters mix tai rikastettu sahanpuru, vaativat t\u00e4yden steriloinnin. Muuten home kasvaa nopeammin kuin rihmasto. Siihen tarvitset painekattilan tai autoklaavin 121 \u00b0C:ssa noin kahden tunnin ajan. Moni kasvattaja t\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 autoklavoitavia <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote-osasto\/unicorn-bags\/\">Unicorn bags<\/a> -pusseja ja steriloi substraatin niiden sis\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/p>\n<h2>Kuinka paljon siemenrihmastoa substraattiin?<\/h2>\n<p>Useimmat kasvattajat sekoittavat yhden osan jyv\u00e4siemenrihmastoa kahdesta nelj\u00e4\u00e4n osaan substraattia. Enemm\u00e4n rihmastoa tarkoittaa nopeampaa kolonisaatiota ja pienemp\u00e4\u00e4 kontaminaatioriski\u00e4. V\u00e4hemm\u00e4n rihmastoa s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4 rahaa, mutta kasvatus kest\u00e4\u00e4 pidemp\u00e4\u00e4n. Ensimm\u00e4iseen kasvatukseen suosittelemme suhdetta noin yksi kahteen. Levit\u00e4 substraatti sekoittamisen j\u00e4lkeen tasaiseksi kerrokseksi <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote\/xls-b-unicorn-bag\/\">kasvatuspussiin<\/a> tai laatikkoon.<\/p>\n<h2>Valmis sienisubstraatti<\/h2>\n<p>Etk\u00f6 halua sekoittaa ja past\u00f6roida itse? K\u00e4ytt\u00f6valmis sienisubstraatti sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 75 % kookoskuitua ja 25 % vermikuliittia. Kostutamme sen kentt\u00e4kapasiteettiin ja steriloimme sen suodatinpussissa. Valitse <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote\/kookoskuitusubstraatti-2000cc\/\">2000 cc:n pussi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote\/sienisubstraatti-4000cc\/\">4000 cc:n pussi<\/a> tai monotubiin <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote\/sienisubstraatti-6000cc\/\">6000 cc:n pussi<\/a>. Lis\u00e4\u00e4 vain kolonisoitunutta <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/tuote\/steriloitu-maissi-4000cc\/\">jyv\u00e4siemenrihmastoa<\/a>, ja voit aloittaa.<\/p>\n<h2>Yleiset virheet substraatin kanssa<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Liian m\u00e4rk\u00e4:<\/strong> pohjalla seisova vesi houkuttelee bakteereja.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Liian kuiva:<\/strong> rihmasto pys\u00e4htyy ja aiheet kuivuvat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Liian ravinteikas ilman sterilointia:<\/strong> ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4iset ravinteet ruokkivat my\u00f6s hometta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Liian v\u00e4h\u00e4n siemenrihmastoa:<\/strong> hidas kolonisaatio antaa ep\u00e4puhtauksille etumatkaa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Oletko aloittelija? Aloita vaiheittaisesta oppaastamme <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/fi\/2023\/06\/04\/sienten-kasvatus\/\">sienten kasvatus<\/a>. Lis\u00e4\u00e4 taustaa kasvatusmenetelmist\u00e4 l\u00f6yd\u00e4t <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fungiculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedian artikkelista sienten viljelyst\u00e4<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sienisubstraatti selitettyn\u00e4: mik\u00e4 tyyppi sopii millekin lajille, helppo kookos-vermikuliittiresepti, kentt\u00e4kapasiteetti sek\u00e4 past\u00f6rointi vai sterilointi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[814],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kasvatus"],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-1140x445.jpg",1140,445,true],"list":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-463x348.jpg",463,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"full":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072.jpg",1600,1600,false]},"yoast_head":"<!-- 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