{"id":12774,"date":"2026-10-23T20:37:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T20:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/2026\/10\/23\/substrat-for-svamp\/"},"modified":"2026-11-12T09:50:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T09:50:47","slug":"substrat-for-svamp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/2026\/10\/23\/substrat-for-svamp\/","title":{"rendered":"Substrat f\u00f6r svamp: typer, recept och f\u00f6rberedelse"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ett <strong>substrat f\u00f6r svamp<\/strong> \u00e4r materialet som ditt mycel \u00e4ter och v\u00e4xer igenom innan det bildar svampar. T\u00e4nk p\u00e5 det som jorden i din odling. R\u00e4tt substrat ger mycelet mat, vatten och luft. Fel substrat leder till l\u00e5ngsam tillv\u00e4xt, sm\u00e5 sk\u00f6rdar eller m\u00f6gel. I den h\u00e4r guiden l\u00e4r du dig vilket substrat du ska v\u00e4lja och hur du f\u00f6rbereder det.<\/p>\n<h2>Vad \u00e4r ett substrat f\u00f6r svamp?<\/h2>\n<p>Kort sagt \u00e4r ett substrat f\u00f6r svamp vilket bulkmaterial som helst som mycelet kan kolonisera. Odlare l\u00e5ter f\u00f6rst mycelet v\u00e4xa p\u00e5 korn. Det kallas kornyngel. Sedan blandar de ynglet med en st\u00f6rre m\u00e4ngd substrat. Substratet h\u00e5ller fukt och ger mycelet plats att sprida sig. N\u00e4r mycelet har koloniserat allt b\u00f6rjar svamparna bildas p\u00e5 ytan.<\/p>\n<h2>Vanliga typer av substrat f\u00f6r svamp<\/h2>\n<p>Olika arter f\u00f6redrar olika f\u00f6da. H\u00e4r \u00e4r de vanligaste alternativen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kokosfiber och vermikulit:<\/strong> den klassiska blandningen f\u00f6r cubensis. Den h\u00e5ller vatten bra och blir s\u00e4llan kontaminerad.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Halm:<\/strong> billigt och utm\u00e4rkt f\u00f6r ostronskivling. Du beh\u00f6ver bara past\u00f6risera det.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00e5gsp\u00e5n av l\u00f6vtr\u00e4:<\/strong> b\u00e4st f\u00f6r ved\u00e4lskande arter som shiitake och igelkottstaggsvamp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Masters mix:<\/strong> h\u00e4lften l\u00f6vtr\u00e4ssp\u00e5n och h\u00e4lften sojaskal. Den ger mycket h\u00f6ga sk\u00f6rdar, men du m\u00e5ste sterilisera den.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u00f6dsel:<\/strong> n\u00e4ringsrik och omtyckt av cubensis, men den inneh\u00e5ller fler bakterier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Recept p\u00e5 substrat f\u00f6r svamp med kokos och vermikulit<\/h2>\n<p>Kokosfiber, vermikulit och gips (ofta kallat CVG) \u00e4r det enklaste substratet f\u00f6r svamp f\u00f6r nyb\u00f6rjare. Till en sats beh\u00f6ver du:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ett block kokosfiber p\u00e5 650 g<\/li>\n<li>Cirka 2 liter vermikulit<\/li>\n<li>100\u2013200 g gips<\/li>\n<li>Cirka 4\u20135 liter kokande vatten<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u00e4gg f\u00f6rst kokosblocket i en ren hink. H\u00e4ll sedan det kokande vattnet \u00f6ver och v\u00e4nta tills blocket faller is\u00e4r. Blanda d\u00e4refter i vermikulit och gips. St\u00e4ng locket och l\u00e5t allt svalna \u00f6ver natten. Det h\u00e4r enkla steget past\u00f6riserar ocks\u00e5 blandningen. Vill du veta varf\u00f6r gipset spelar roll? L\u00e4s v\u00e5r guide om <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/2025\/04\/12\/gips-for-svamp\/\">gips f\u00f6r svamp<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>R\u00e4tt fukt: f\u00e4ltkapacitet<\/h2>\n<p>Vattenhalten \u00e4r det vanligaste problemet med alla substrat. M\u00e5let \u00e4r f\u00e4ltkapacitet. Det betyder att substratet h\u00e5ller s\u00e5 mycket vatten det kan utan att droppa. Testa genom att krama en n\u00e4ve s\u00e5 h\u00e5rt du kan. N\u00e5gra droppar ska komma ut, men ingen j\u00e4mn str\u00e5le. \u00c4r det f\u00f6r torrt, tills\u00e4tt lite vatten. \u00c4r det f\u00f6r bl\u00f6tt, tills\u00e4tt lite torr kokos eller vermikulit.<\/p>\n<h2>Past\u00f6risera eller sterilisera ditt substrat f\u00f6r svamp?<\/h2>\n<p>N\u00e4ringsfattiga substrat som kokosfiber och halm beh\u00f6ver bara past\u00f6riseras. Past\u00f6risering d\u00f6dar de flesta konkurrenter men l\u00e5ter vissa nyttiga mikrober leva. Du kan g\u00f6ra det med kokande vatten eller genom att v\u00e4rma substratet till cirka 65\u201380 \u00b0C i en till tv\u00e5 timmar.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e4ringsrika substrat som masters mix eller berikat s\u00e5gsp\u00e5n kr\u00e4ver full sterilisering. Annars v\u00e4xer m\u00f6gel snabbare \u00e4n ditt mycel. Till det beh\u00f6ver du en tryckkokare eller autoklav p\u00e5 121 \u00b0C i cirka tv\u00e5 timmar. M\u00e5nga odlare fyller autoklaverbara <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/unicorn-bags\/\">Unicorn bags<\/a> och steriliserar substratet i dem.<\/p>\n<h2>Hur mycket yngel per substrat?<\/h2>\n<p>De flesta odlare blandar en del kornyngel med tv\u00e5 till fyra delar substrat. Mer yngel ger snabbare kolonisering och mindre risk f\u00f6r kontaminering. Mindre yngel sparar pengar, men odlingen tar l\u00e4ngre tid. Till en f\u00f6rsta odling rekommenderar vi ungef\u00e4r ett till tv\u00e5. Bred efter blandningen ut substratet i ett j\u00e4mnt lager i en <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt\/xls-b-unicorn-bag\/\">odlingsp\u00e5se<\/a> eller l\u00e5da.<\/p>\n<h2>F\u00e4rdigt substrat f\u00f6r svamp<\/h2>\n<p>Vill du slippa blanda och past\u00f6risera sj\u00e4lv? V\u00e5rt f\u00e4rdiga substrat f\u00f6r svamp \u00e4r en blandning av 75 % kokosfiber och 25 % vermikulit. Vi fuktar det till f\u00e4ltkapacitet och steriliserar det i en filterp\u00e5se. V\u00e4lj <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt\/kokosfibersubstrat-2000cc\/\">p\u00e5sen p\u00e5 2000 cc<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt\/svampsubstrat-4000cc\/\">p\u00e5sen p\u00e5 4000 cc<\/a> eller <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt\/svampsubstrat-6000cc\/\">p\u00e5sen p\u00e5 6000 cc<\/a> till en monotub. Tills\u00e4tt bara koloniserat <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/produkt\/steriliserad-majs-4000cc\/\">kornyngel<\/a>, s\u00e5 \u00e4r du ig\u00e5ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Vanliga misstag med substrat<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>F\u00f6r bl\u00f6tt:<\/strong> st\u00e5ende vatten i botten lockar till sig bakterier.<\/li>\n<li><strong>F\u00f6r torrt:<\/strong> mycelet stannar av och knopparna torkar ut.<\/li>\n<li><strong>F\u00f6r n\u00e4ringsrikt utan sterilisering:<\/strong> extra n\u00e4ring f\u00f6der ocks\u00e5 m\u00f6gel.<\/li>\n<li><strong>F\u00f6r lite yngel:<\/strong> l\u00e5ngsam kolonisering ger f\u00f6roreningar ett f\u00f6rspr\u00e5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ny som odlare? B\u00f6rja med v\u00e5r steg-f\u00f6r-steg-guide om hur du <a href=\"https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/sv\/2023\/06\/04\/odla-svamp\/\">odlar svamp<\/a>. Mer bakgrund om odlingsmetoder finns i <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fungiculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedias artikel om svampodling<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Substrat f\u00f6r svamp f\u00f6rklarat: vilken typ som passar vilken art, ett enkelt recept med kokos och vermikulit, f\u00e4ltkapacitet och past\u00f6risering eller sterilisering.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[810],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-odling"],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-1140x445.jpg",1140,445,true],"list":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-463x348.jpg",463,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"full":["https:\/\/mycosupplies.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1000007072.jpg",1600,1600,false]},"yoast_head":"<!-- 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